anxiety disorders, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobias, post-traumatic stress disorder
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- Trauma healing therapies
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Anxiety Disorders Association
of America
Anxiety Network Australia
Anxiety-Panic.Com
BrainPhysics - OCD
Canadian Network for Mood
and Anxiety Treatments
Cognitive Behavior Therapy
David Baldwin's
Trauma Information Pages
EMDR Institute, Inc.
EMDR Network Japan
Living with a Brain Disorder
Morita Therapy
Mayo Clinic : Depression
Mayo Clinic : GAD
Mayo Clinic : OCD
Mayo Clinic : Panic Attacks
Mayo Clinic : PTSD
Mayo Clinic : Social Anxiety
Medicines.org.uk - Anxiety & Depression guides
Nation Center for PTSD
National Institute of Mental
Health (NIMH)
No Such Thing As Crazy
OCD Ireland
Obsessive Compulsive
Foundation
Open Minds, Open Doors
Partners With PTSD
Rational Emotive Behavior
Therapy
Sane Australia
Shyness & Social Anxiety Service of Australia
Social Anxiety - UK
Social Phobia/Social Anxiety Association
tAPir - the Anxiety Panic internet resource
The Panic Center
(Free CBT based programs)
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Always consult your doctor if you are in any way concerned about your health.
Yul Brynner
Last Reset: 04:05, 14 May 06
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2006 May 11;:1-10 [Epub ahead of print]
Effects of different doses of venlafaxine on serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake in healthy volunteers.
Blier P, Saint-Andre E, Hebert C, de Montigny C, Lavoie N, Debonnel G.Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaUniversity of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Venlafaxine is generally considered to be a dual 5-HT [serotonin] and NE reuptake inhibitor when it is used at doses above 75 mg/d in humans. While its 5-HT reuptake-inhibiting property has been demonstrated, some controversy still exists regarding the doses of venlafaxine required to inhibit NE reuptake.
Healthy male volunteers received, on a double-blind basis, paroxetine (20 mg/d), desipramine (100 mg/d), nefazodone (300 mg/d), or venlafaxine (150 or 300 mg/d) in the last 5 d of a 7-d period of administration. Inhibition of 5-HT reuptake was estimated by determining the degree of depletion of whole-blood 5-HT, while that of NE was assessed by measuring the attenuation of the systolic blood pressure increases produced by intravenous injections of tyramine.
Paroxetine, both regimens of venlafaxine, and to a lesser extent desipramine significantly decreased whole-blood 5-HT content. Nefazodone failed to produce any significant change. Desipramine abolished the tyramine pressor response, whereas all other drug regimens left this parameter unaltered. Venlafaxine and paroxetine acted as potent 5-HT reuptake inhibitors in the present study. In contrast, neither the moderate nor the high dose of venlafaxine displayed any significant inhibiting activity in this model assessing NE reuptake in peripheral NE terminals. The validity of the model was confirmed by the potent inhibitory action of desipramine on NE reuptake.
While the reasons for this unexpected lack of action remain unclear, venlafaxine appeared to be an effective NE reuptake agent in depressed patients using the same approach.
PMID: 16690005 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
(Text has been reformatted for clarity; Ed.)