Calendar

«« Jan 2008 »»
S M T W T F S
    1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27 28 29
30
31

Search Box


HealthCentral Top Site Award

IBS Tales Hope Award

LinkBlog

Debunking the 'Chemical Imbalance' myth (pdf)

The Johns Hopkins Guide to Antidepressants (Note: requires registration of a valid email address)

Not Depressed, Just British!

'Managing Holiday Stress' a LifeCare® guide (PDF)

  More

Contact

Mailing List

RSS Feeds








Translation

Disclaimer

All content within Anxiety Insights is provided for general information only, and should not be treated as a substitute for the medical advice of your doctor or other health care professional.

Anxiety Insights is not responsible or liable for any diagnosis made by a reader based on the content of this website.

Anxiety Insights is not liable for the contents of any external internet sites listed, nor does it endorse any commercial product or service mentioned or advised on any of the sites.

Always consult your doctor if you are in any way concerned about your health.

recommended links

Depression is Real's Down & Up Show
      Weekly audio-casts from the
      Depression Is Real Coalition

we support

Kiva.org - micro loans that change lives

Moving a Nation to Care : Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and America's Returning Troops, by Ilona Meagher

No Longer Lonely.com

"just don't smoke"


"Don't smoke, whatever you do, just don't smoke."
                        Yul Brynner

Hit Counter

Total: 1,181,822
since: 14 May 2006

Admin console

Log-In

My Blog    My Profile

Leave Message

Add as neighbors






Blogion.com

Blog Flux Directory



Blogarama - The Blogs Directory

blog search directory

BlogTagstic - Blog Directory

Find Blogs in the Blog Directory



LS Blogs

Top Health Sites





Health Blogs - Blog Top Sites

Webloogle Blog Directory

Bloggapedia - Find It!

Depression a product of both nature and nuture

« H E » fulltxt :: email
posted Wednesday, 16 January 2008

Depression is one of the most common forms of psychopathology. According to the diathesis-stress theories of depression, genetic liability interacts with negative life experiences to cause depression. Traditionally, most studies testing these theories have focused on only one component of the diathesis-stress model: either genetics or environment, but not their interaction. However, because of recent advances in genetics and genomics, researchers have begun using a new design that allows them to test the interaction of genetic and environmental liabilities - the GxE (gene-by-environment) design.

Studies suggest that the neurotransmitter dopamine may play a role in the risk for depression. Early negative interpersonal environments (i.e. rejecting parents) have also been implicated. So, University of Notre Dame psychologist, Gerald Haeffel, and colleagues investigated whether a gene associated with dopamine interacted with maternal parenting style to predict episodes of depression.

The researchers studied 177 male adolescents from a juvenile detention center in Russia. These participants were ideal candidates for the study because depression rates rise so dramatically during this period in life. The researchers used a structured diagnostic interview to diagnose depression and a questionnaire to assess aspects of maternal parental rearing (i.e. physical punishment, hostility, lack of respect for the child's point of view, and unjustified criticism in front of others).

The results are fascinating. While neither factor alone predicted depression, the boys with especially rejecting mothers, and a specific form of the dopamine transporter gene were at higher risk for major depression and suicidal ideation. This study, which appears in the January issue of Psychological Science is among the first to support the role of a dopamine related gene in the onset of depression.

By the year 2020, depression is projected to be the 2nd leading cause of disability worldwide. Identifying factors that contribute to risk and resilience for depression is vital to our society. The results suggest that using psychosocial interventions to increase dopamine activity in the brain, helping patients focus on identifying and pursuing new goals and rewards could prove beneficial to lowering depression rates.


Haeffel GJ, Getchell M, Koposov RA, et al. Association Between Polymorphisms in the Dopamine Transporter Gene and Depression: Evidence for a Gene-Environment Interaction in a Sample of Juvenile Detainees. Psychol Sci. 2008 Jan;19(1):62-9. []

tags: clinical depression    

links: digg this    del.icio.us    technorati    reddit